Team Importance Week 3 Hcs 325 - 1005 Words

Introduction No management position is easy these days. There are many rules and regulations to follow, as well as many responsibilities that grow more over time. One of the responsibilities as a manager is to improve efficiency of the company and extend customer satisfaction. Not only does this take money, but time, skill, and teamwork. As the manager of a busy call center, the call volume has increased so much that there is an extra $20,000 to spend on improving customer satisfaction and efficiency. How can this be spent wisely to reach these goals? Teamwork is top on the list of importance because without a team, there is no business. Teams provide many things to a health care facility, as well as any other successful business.†¦show more content†¦At basic training, you learn about being the member of a unit†. She also states that after you leave that basic training, you are still responsible for your unit and whether or not you like a team member, you will still h onor and protect each other. The military is so tightly compact, they are like a family. This sets examples for teamwork in the health care organizations because whether or not you like a team member, that does not mean you cannot help the company you work for succeed along with yourselves. The military’s company is the United States. Should they not work together well, they could die and others lives would then be at stake. It is the same concept with businesses. Should the team not work together well and improve, then one, the company ends up dying, then everyone working loses their jobs. Just because one industry is different than the other, they could very well learn important lessons about team work from each other. Conclusion Industries around the world are very different but also alike in so many ways. The military is a great industry to look at for things like team work, because the health care industries can learn how to improve their quality of care and customer (patient) satisfaction. Having that extra money can benefit the companies when they focus on improving team work alone. Lessons are learned all around. References: Donald J. Lombardi, John R. Schermerhorn, Brian Kramer; 2007, John Wiley amp; Sons Inc, â€Å"Managerial andShow MoreRelatedHcs 325 Essay1056 Words   |  5 PagesWeek - 3 Importance of Teams Murugareddy Pattiputtur University of Phoenix HCS/325 Dawn Sienkiewicz November 10, 2012 Abstract Teams are formed when individuals with a common taste, preference, liking, and attitude come and work together for a common goal. Teams play a very important role in organizations as well as our personal lives. Teamwork is essential for competing in todays global arena, where individual perfection is not as desirable as a high level of collective performanceRead MoreHigh Tech Case Study6539 Words   |  27 Pages__________________________________________________ Problem and Associated Reason #3. _______________________________________________ Action(s) to prevent Problem #3.__________________________________________________ HI-TECH RESEARCH LABORATORY On a Friday morning in late December, 2002, Sam Lacy, Head of the Physical Sciences Division of Hi-Tech Research Laboratory (HRL) thought about two letters which lay on his desk. One, which he had received a few weeks before, was a progress report from Robert Kirk, recentlyRead MoreEvaluation Of A Person With An Acute Diabetic Foot Problem5070 Words   |  21 PagesFurther consider the role of the multidisciplinary foot team and discuss referral at the most appropriate stage of each intervention. 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ThisRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 PagesCamouflage, Concealment and Decoys ...................... Maintenance ........................................ Communications ..................................... Supply Economy ..................................... 311 313 325 338 348 352 356 359 365 373 378 382 387 Page 3 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012 ArmyStudyGuide.com Version 5.3 Army Programs What does ASAP stand for? Army Substance Abuse Program (AR 600-85 Mar 2006) What is the mission of ASAP? The ASAP’s mission is to strengthen theRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesavailable Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 0–19–928335–4 978–0–19–928335–4 ISBN 0–19–928336–2 (Pbk.) 978–0–19–928336–1 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 3 FOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the British tradition of academic accounting. Serious in intent, he has striven both to illuminate practice and to provide ways of improving it. Although alwaysRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesany way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposes (for example, by inserting passages into a book that is sold to students). (3) No Derivative Works You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. An earlier version of the book was published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, California USA in 1993 with ISBN number 0-534-17688-7. When Wadsworth decided no longer

What It Means to Be a True Gentleman Sample Essay Example For Students

What It Means to Be a True Gentleman Sample Essay During the twelvemonth 1899. in the province of Virginia. there was a adult male named Mr. John Walter Wayland who. at the clip. entered into a competition with merely the hopes of coming out as the victor. Many old ages ago. The Baltimore Sun came up with a competition for the best definition of a â€Å"True Gentleman. † After his entry. Mr. John Walter Wayland was however selected as the victor. with his definition of the â€Å"True Gentleman† being printed in the Baltimore newspaper every bit good as in many other publications thenceforth. For many old ages. the writer of the â€Å"True Gentleman† was thought to be anon. . until the 1970’s when the editor of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon pledge manual. The Phoenix. Mr. Joseph Walt. discovered that the U. S. Naval Academy in Annapolis besides used the â€Å"True Gentleman† definition in their manual. where they came to happen the true writer to be Mr. John Walter Wayland. However. it wasn’t until 2001. during the Fraternity Convention in Orlando. Florida. that it was officially adopted as Sigma Alpha Epsilon’s credo. As a future member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity. I am expected to cognize. understand. and represent Mr. John Walter Wayland’s definition of the â€Å"True Gentleman. † which reads: â€Å"The True Gentleman is the adult male whose behavior returns from good will and an acute sense of properness. and whose ego control is equal to all exigencies ; who does non do the hapless adult male conscious of his poorness. the vague adult male of his obscureness. or any adult male of his lower status or malformation ; who is himself humbled if necessity compels him to humble another ; who does non blandish wealth. cringe before power. or self-praise of his ain ownerships or accomplishments ; who speaks with candor but ever with earnestness and understanding ; whose title follows his word ; who thinks of the rights and feelings of others instead than his ain ; and who appears good in any company ; a adult male with whom award is sacred and virtue safe† ( Mr. John Walt er Wayland – Virginia 1899 ) . In one manner. I view the â€Å"True Gentleman† definition as an infallible usher for covering with other people. whether they be members in Sigma Alpha Epsilon or non. It helps me set up a guideline for how I should move went set up against a state of affairs. while. at the same clip. determining my behaviour and personality into that of a successful and well-thought-of adult male. Although Mr. John Walter Wayland’s definition of the â€Å"True Gentleman† may look inaccessible or impossible to populate up to. it does non give. me. any member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. every bit good as any other individual in the universe. the rights to merely sit back and half-ass the work I should be seting into representing the â€Å"True Gentleman. † No affair where I am. or whatever nerve-racking point I am in my life. I must ever retrieve the definition of the â€Å"True Gentleman† and strive to be the well-thought-of adult male that Mr. John Walter Wayland expects each and every one of us to be. Although I may non hold the â€Å"True Gentleman† definition memorized right now and although I may acquire frustrated at times. I must non swerve off from one of the most indispensable facets I will develop over my old ages as a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. It will take clip. but there is nil more I want so to go a living illustration of the â€Å"True Gentleman. † because I know that if I follow Mr. John Walter Wayland’s words. I will happen true regard and success. When analysing the â€Å"True Gentleman. † the credo of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. it may merely look as if you are acquiring some philosophical verse form thrown at you. However. when you take the clip to measure each and every line. you wi ll happen a specific significance behind each word and every phrase. However. before I can even look at the lines. I notice the semicolons. which. to me. likely have the most of import significance beyond everything. The semicolons. in my eyes. mean that every word and every phrase is to be seen as â€Å"one. † whereas. if they were to be replaced with periods. it signify both halting and get downing. Right off. I can truly see that everything Mr. John Walter Wayland wrote is to be â€Å"done as one. † You are either making everything or nil at all ; there is no fillet and get downing mediate. However. this analogy of making everything. with no mediate. can besides be exemplified through our current pledge category. We are one unit. either all right or all incorrect. either all together or all scattered. and either all succeeding or all weakness. There is NO mediate. When one individual fails. we all fail. It isn’t until we all get something right that we are â€Å"truly† right. Now. traveling on to each phrase. Mr. John Walter Wayland starts the â€Å"True Gentleman† out stating: â€Å"The True Gentleman is the adult male whose behavior returns from good will and an acute sense of properness. and whose ego control is equal to all exigencies ; † First off. when you say the word â€Å"gentleman. † it is of import that you put excess accent on the â€Å"man. † Exploring New Orleans EssayAny adult male who feels compelled to mortify himself before wealth and power is a adult male to be pitied. He is non and will neer be a â€Å"True Gentleman. † To represent the â€Å"True Gentleman. † we must ever hold proper regard for authorization. However. it must be out of a sense of order and equity. The â€Å"True Gentleman† must cognize that. as an person. he is merely every bit of import as any other adult male. Nevertheless. while a â€Å"True Gentleman† has both assurance and pride. we must neer tout of our ownerships or accomplishments. I must larn to seek and avoid the overexploitation of the â€Å"I† and get down including everyone by utilizing â€Å"We. † After all. as a pledge category. we are â€Å"one† unit. For illustration. when it comes to athleticss. I will ever play my hardest and neer darnel. even in littlest of things. However. if I do lose. I must accept licking gracefully because good sportsmanship is one of the first Markss of a â€Å"True Gentleman. † We must all understand that our personal accomplishments will be recognized from others shortly plenty. Additionally. Mr. John Walter Wayland continues by stating: â€Å"who speaks with candor but ever with earnestness and understanding ; † We all enjoy covering with people who are blunt and honest. but a â€Å"True Gentleman† should seek to develop a unagitated voice and avoid profanity. because the abuse of our linguistic communication is inexcusable no affair whom you may be turn toing. However. one who speaks forcefully and efficaciously must besides retrieve to talk unfeignedly and with sympathy. There is NO replacement for earnestness in address and action. The true cogent evidence of earnestness and sympathy prevarications in one’s changeless behaviour. It’s non a erstwhile trade ; you must ever be sincere and sympathetic to others. Furthermore. Mr. John Walter Wayland continues his â€Å"True Gentleman† definition with the phrases: whose title follows his word ; who thinks of the rights and feelings of others instead than his ain ; † A true gentleman’s word is his bond. As â€Å"True Gentlemen. † we must go wholly reliable and allow others to be certain that you wi ll ever maintain your promises. However. as â€Å"True Gentlemen. † we must besides see the feelings of others. We must ever be thoughtful of others. every bit good as be gracious to others. We must come to cognize that courtesy is the wont of genuinely esteeming the feelings of others. I must ever maintain a topographic point in my head for others’ sentiments and bask larning about their point of views on topics. Finally. Mr. John Walter Wayland ends his definition with the phrases: â€Å"and who appears good in any company ; a adult male with whom award is sacred and virtue safe. † As a â€Å"True Gentleman. † I must be witting of my visual aspect. and since people will frequently look at me due to my tallness. I must larn to ever hold pleasant organic structure looks. Finally. a adult male of award is one with whom virtuousness is safe. Virtue means truth in character and honestness of behavior. and so the â€Å"True Gentleman† must ever be a adult male of virtuousness in its fullest sense. However. as a â€Å"True Gentleman. † I must ever make ALL. There is NO mediate. and there is NO room for failure.

Technology and How It Has Improved Housekeeping Operations Research Paper Example

Technology and How It Has Improved Housekeeping Operations Paper Technology and how it has improved Housekeeping Operations A Thesis Submitted By Lerone McDonald (ID#)-10T10553 In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science In Tourism, Hospitality, Entertainment Management Excelsior Community College Date: February 28, 2013 According to â€Å"dictionary. reference. com† technology is the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. Technology can also be referred to as the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, and methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a preexisting solution to a problem. Technology also refers to the collection of such tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures. Technologies significantly affect human resources as well as other areas of the Hotel industry, more so the Housekeeping Department/area. Housekeeping is the act of cleaning the rooms and furnishings of rooms. It is one of the many duties included in the term Housekeeping. Some duties included in the Housekeeping Operations are, but not limited to: †¢Disposing of rubbish †¢Changing washing bed linens †¢Cleaning dirty surfaces/areas †¢Dusting and vacuuming †¢Removing leaves from rain gutters †¢Washing windows and sweeping doormats. The Housekeeping Operations Department is responsible for the cleaning and he upkeep of the Hotel’s guests’ areas, to ensure the areas look better, safer and easier for clients/guest to be accommodated. The housekeeping department plays a very important and vital role in the hotel industry, without such a department lime scale can build up on taps, mold grows in wet areas, bacterial action make the garbage disposal and toilet smell and cobwebs accumulate. Some items that are commonly found in the Housekeeping department are: †¢Vacuum Cleaners †¢Brooms †¢Mops and Sponges †¢Detergents †¢Disinfectants †¢Bleach etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and How It Has Improved Housekeeping Operations specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and How It Has Improved Housekeeping Operations specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and How It Has Improved Housekeeping Operations specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are several technologies that have helped to enhance and make the housekeeping department more efficient. Information and communications technology (ICT), is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. This speaks to the many different types of equipment/infrastructure that can be found embedded within the hotel industry to make work in the Housekeeping Department/area more effective and efficient. Some of these are, but not limited to: †¢PA System †¢Pagers/fax †¢Intercom †¢Inventory Management System †¢Intranet/internet/computers and †¢Biometric System Innovations in the communication system such as the use of the intercom system which is much like the Private Branch Exchange (PBX) makes it easier for the front desk to contact the housekeeping department for any request. Using one line for multiple telephones, you only need to dial a phone number that only requires three-digits or four which is assigned to every department of the hotel. The use of the desktop is very common in the current generation of hotel services. In contrast to the previous hotels, they used manual handwriting, and that also entails a lot of papers that could possible take up a lot of work space. With the use of the computer hardware system, which includes, the keyboard, the monitor, the mouse, and certain pre-installed application into the computer, paperwork and writing may not necessary. There is also software known as the Navis Housekeeping Management system which is used by the housekeeping department to properly monitor room statuses and cleaning of rooms. Once rooms have be cleaned, the information is entered into the Navis Housekeeping Management System which will allow easy access by housekeeping and the front desk department, by doing this both departments are able to know the rooms that are available and also their status. These kinds of hardware also help in the strict monitoring of guests reservation which the housekeeping department have access to so that they will be aware of the amount of guests that have made reservations. This information is vital as it allows the housekeeping department to prepare the rooms beforehand and also to ensure that enough rooms are available to meet the demands. This type of technology also assists with scheduling of housekeeping staff and also to ensure par stock amounts are up to date. Green Technology speaks to the environmental technology (envirotech), clean technology (cleantech) is the application of one or more of environmental science, green chemistry, environmental monitoring and electronic devices to monitor, model and conserve the natural environment and resources, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement on the environment depletion. Green Technology is also used to describe sustainable energy generation technologies such as photovoltaic’s, wind turbines, bioreactors and solar systems. Sustainable development is the core of environmental technologies. The term environmental technology is also used to describe a class of electronic devices that can promote sustainable management of resources. Green technology is being introduced in all sectors of production and more so in companies and the hotel industry is one such sector. Green technology not only benefits the hotel but it also helps the guest to appreciate the hotel and its environs more. Below are a few direct quotes from which were taken from ecomall. om about different green technology that are being instituted at some hotels. 1. Every morning at our front desk you will hear our guest’s remark in wonder over how well they slept last night, general manager Natalie Marquis says. I believe one reason we get this strong positive feedback is because we stopped using chemical pesticides 20 years ago. Our rooms are ecologically fresh, which allows the human body to relax, enabling our guests to experience a be tter sleep than in other hotels that use pesticides and toxic cleaning chemicals, or even in the guests own homes. 2. Patricia Griffin, president of the Green Hotel Association. She started the association 15 years ago after visiting Europe and learning how hotel quests respond positively to requests for non-daily sheet and towel cycling as a way to save energy and water, and reduce the use of cleaning products. Today you will find her associations desk cards in hotel rooms across America, suggesting to guests that they help the environment by not requesting daily towel and bed-linen cleaning. Various types of technologies are being implemented so as to assist a hotel to become more eco-friendly, one such technology which was developed is the first environmentally smart hotel, yes! Smart Hotel! †¢The Sheraton Rittenhouse is setting a precedent, and is part of an industry that is keen on cleaning for health, and for the environment. The hotel uses 100 percent organic cotton bed-sheets, chemical-free laundry cycles, energy-efficient light bulbs, and palm trees in the lobby with a superb oxygenation rate. Also the lobby’s reception desk is made from recycled soda bottles. A source from the Hotel’s housekeeping operations department also disclosed that all cleaning chemicals are all non-toxic, water-based, hypoallergenic and biodegradable. â€Å"Green-cleaning products also lead to lower regulatory costs, because managers have fewer toxic chemicals to track and fewer chemical-related injuries† added our source. Global Trends in housekeeping speaks to various activities and planned implementations. There are many different trends that are emerging not just within the hotel industry but specifically the housekeeping department. A few trends within the housekeeping department have been identified and are illustrated below. 1. PureRooms- a new company from the US introduced the group to allergy friendly rooms. PureRooms prepare and treat guest rooms; the process removes up to 99% of pollutants from the air, to let your guests breathe easy. It also protects from irritants such as mould, viruses, bacteria, pollen, and yeast to eliminating odours at the source and leaving the room smelling fresh. Rooms treated by PureRooms can be sold with a surcharge. The treatments include; all air conditioning units cleaned and treated with the installation of tea tree oil in the drip pan of the a/c unit, all surfaces in the room treated with PURE clean solution, high ozone shock treatment, PURE shield bacteria barrier, installation in every room of the electronic air purifier and allergy friendly bed encasements. 2. Inner Scents- an Australian invention of guest products that have an aromatherapy component to their manufacture. Ironing board covers which waft with subtle smells of herbs are a part of this company’s line of products along with other products such as pillow inserts. 3. Optii Solutions- introduced a new Housekeeping software system Optii Keeper, which revolutionizes the way housekeeping operates. This is the worlds first automated, intelligent housekeeping solution for hotels developed by Hoteliers for Hoteliers and with Housekeepers for Housekeepers in conjunction with Intercontinental Hotel Group. Optii Keeper has proven to save up to 20% of housekeeping payroll costs and up to 40% of Supervisor time. It eliminates 80% of phone calls between front office and housekeeping departments and creates a motivating environment by fairly spreading workloads among team members (http://www. optiisolutions. com/en/index. php? id=1, 2012). This helps to improve quality and staff morale and the system saves at least two hours every morning by automating the room allocation process at the push of a button. The housekeeping management team can see in real time if the housekeeping teams are ahead of schedule, on time or behind schedule and the system virtually eliminates the current expense of overstaffing or understaffing by forecasting staffing needs. Conclusion Modern technology is a driving force behind the overall development and sustainability of many sectors and the tourism sector is one such, which has benefited immensely from the advancement in technology, more specifically the housekeeping operations of hotels. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is one such advancement in technology which has positively impacted the housekeeping department. Technology has also helped to better manage the housekeeping departments more effectively and efficiently. Green technology is another element that has greatly impacted the operations of the housekeeping department through programs such as eco-friendly rooms and smart hotels. Advancement in Green technology has helped the housekeeping department manage its resources better. With more and more hotels adopting Green technology this sees them becoming more environmentally friendly. Global trends also impacts on the operations of the housekeeping department, as new technologies have and are being developed to improve the overall efficiency of housekeeping operations. Trends such as new and improved technologies that foster effective communication between housekeeping and all other departments, advanced equipment such as washers that do everything from dispensing of cleaning agents in correct amounts and the correct type of linen, are just a few global trends which have emerged within the housekeeping department. In concluding, the housekeeping department has been impacted by technology in many ways. The advancements in technology have allowed the housekeeping to be more efficient and effective in performing its functions to the highest level. References Books and Printed Document: Brewer, P. et al. (2008). Current and Future Use in the Hospitality Industry. Bunduhn, R. (2010). Hotel Industry Urged to get Technology Up to Speed. The National Gretzel, U. et al. (2010). Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2010. SpringerWienNewYork. Ferdinand Berger SohneGesellschaftm. b. H. , 3580 Horn, Austria Internet sources: (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. entrepreneur. com/article/201838 (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. ecomall. com/greenshopping/1greencleaning. htm

Stages of Sleep essays

Stages of Sleep essays Psychology has described sleep as periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness. Over a period of time our bodies fluctuate and so does our mind. These physiological fluctuations are called biological rhythms. These rhythms are controlled by our biological clock, or circadian rhythm. Around every 90-100 minutes we go through a series of sleep stages called cycles. When you slip into sleep you do not know you are sleeping until you wake up. Sleeping is marked by slow breathing and irregular brain waves. We slip into Stage 1 of sleep, which lasts up to 5 minutes and may produce images. Sometimes these images resemble hallucinations-sensory experiences which occur with out sensory stimulus. You may feel as though you are falling or floating. These hypnologic sensations later may be incorporated into memories. As you relax deeper you begin about 20 minutes of Stage 2 sleep, which is marked by periodic appearances of sleep spindles-which are bursts of fast, rhythmic brain wave activity. You can still be awakened with out much difficulty during Stage 2 of sleep, but you are definitely asleep. Sleep talking may occur during this and other sleep stages. After Stage 2 you move for a few moments into a transitional Stage 3 sleep, then into a deep sleep or Stage 4. During Stage 3 and more so during Stage 4 your brain releases large slow delta waves. Together these stages are called slow-wave sleep. Delta waves last for around 30 minutes, while which it becomes harder to wake you up. Even while you are in deep sleep your brain processes certain stimuli. For example you can move about your bed with out falling out. About an hour after you first fall asleep instead of continuing in deep sleep you rise back up from your initial dive. You return to Stage 3 and Stage 2 (where about half of your night is spent) then you enter REM sleep. REM sleep is a recurring stage of sleep during which d ...

Journal entry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Journal entry - Essay Example The main importance of this structure is to consolidate the comparative nature of the essay. Additionally, it fuses well with the overall plot outlined by the story in the matters regarding the comparisons between Lee and Grant. The essay also deployed the use of whole-by-whole approach as shown in the paragraph below: â€Å"In terms of background, Grant was a middle-class man from humble beginnings in the mountains. He was tough, self-reliant, and independent, believing that he alone was responsible for his fate. Only his skills, efforts, and perseverance would determine if he would be successful. Because he was dissatisfied with the status quo, he believed in democracy and competition. Grant also believed any man could become a leader, provided he had the ability, skills, and was able to assume the position. He wanted only to be able to improve himself and to prove what he could accomplish. Moreover, Grant had no sense of loyalty to his region. As far as he was concerned, every man had an equal chance to show how far he could rise. Privileges had to be earned, not given. Life was competition.† (Kirszner & Mandell, 2001) From the paragraph above, it is evident that the author is using the whole-by-whole method since it only focuses on describing Grant. Structurally, the paragraph has a well-defined introduction with enough subordinate sentences and a good conclusion. However, the structure of this particular paragraph does not represent the general structure of the essay. The context of the essay revolves around the comparative conflict between two subjects- Lee and Grant. Conclusively, I think the essay was well structured in line with the context of the story. The choice of sentences fitted the context of the story perfectly. By the deployment of part-by-part and the whole-by-whole comparison approach, the two characters are described vividly.

International Cooperation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Cooperation - Essay Example International institutions are essential in ensuring cooperation between states and this is mainly through enforcing reciprocity. These institutions ensure that they institutionalize cooperation in such a manner that states find it hard to renege on those treaties or agreements that they have made with others. Furthermore, international institutions are designed to reduce mistrust and instead foster a spirit of confidence between member states, thus making possible an environment that is conducive for cooperation. The formation of these institutions guarantees the creation of ground rules that are necessary to build confidence between member states, which allows for the development of better initiatives for cooperation. The reciprocal nature of cooperation through international institutions is necessary for fostering the needed agreements to reduce friction between states and instead bring about mutual benefits between partners at the state level.International institutions act as a m eans through which states can be able to achieve international security mainly through developing confidence between member states. It should be noted that states normally try to secure themselves in the belief that there will come a time when their security might be threatened by their neighbors or other international players. In order to ensure their mutual security, states have come to cooperate in this sector, an example being NATO which has brought together some of the most powerful states in the world.

The balanced equation shows that two moles of silver nitrate react with one mole of copper Essay Example for Free

The balanced equation shows that two moles of silver nitrate react with one mole of copper Essay Qualitative Observations: * The copper was a orange/red colour before being submerged. * While the silver nitrate AgNO3 was a clear colourless liquid. * Immediately after the copper was submerged it turned black. * The copper wire was resting on the bottom of the beaker. * After prolonged submersion the wire became thicker as more precipitate was formed on the wire. * After prolonged submersion the solution became a clear light blue solution. * After 24 hours a silver/grey crystalline structure formed around the wire and on the bottom of the beaker. Processed data table: What I measured Value (unit) 3sf Uncertainty Mass of reacted Cu 0.332(g)  ±0.002g Number of reacted Cu 0.00522 mol % uncertainty =  ±0.605 Mass of reacted Ag 1.804(g)  ±0.002g Number of reacted Ag 0. 0167 mol % uncertainty =  ±0.166 Constants table: Constant Value Mr(Cu) 63.55 gmol-1 Mr (Ag) 107.87 gmol-1 Calculations Balanced chemical equation between copper and silver: Cu (s) + 2Ag+ (aq) → Cu2+ (aq) + 2Ag (s) Mass of reacted Cu: Uncertainty: m(Cu)= Original weight – final weight m(Cu)= 2.020 – 1.688 =  ±0.001 + 0.001 m(Cu)= 0.332 g =  ±0.002 Number of reacted Cu: Uncertainty: Mr(Cu)=63.55 gmol-1 n(Cu)= 0.00522 mol (3sf) n(Cu) % uncertainty =  ±0.605 Mass of reacted Ag: Uncertainty: m(Ag)= Original weight – final weight m(Ag) = 105.139– 103.335 = 0.001 + 0.001 = 1.804 g =  ±0.002 Number of reacted Ag: Uncertainty: Mr(Ag) = 107.87 gmol-1 n(Ag) = 0.0167 mol (3sf) n(Ag) % uncertainty =  ±0.111 Calculation of Ratio n(Cu) : n(Ag) 0.00522 : 0.0167 total % uncertainty =  ±0.111+0.605 1:3.20 % uncertainty =  ±0.716 1:3 % uncertainty =  ±0.7 Conclusion This reaction is an example of a single replacement redox reaction, as the copper element replaces an element in a compound, silver nitrate producing silver and copper nitrate. During the reaction the silver is reduced as it gains electrons and the copper is oxidized as it loses electrons. Cu (s) + 2AgNO3+ (aq) → Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2Ag (s) The balanced equation shows that two moles of silver nitrate react with one mole of copper to produce one mole of copper nitrate and two moles of silver. The molar ratio between Copper and Silver should be 1:2, which you can see by the coefficients in the balanced equation. Therefore my hypothesis is wrong as I have 1 more mole of silver than I should have, therefore my mass of silver was larger than expected or the moles of copper was lower than expected and my mass of copper was lower than expected. Yet our small precision error, or random error attributed to the precision of instruments is  ±0.716%, which indicates that our range excludes the accepted value of 2. Therefore our must have some experimental error. This experimental error can be determined as a percentage through the following formula: % This experimental error is incredibly large. As my systematic error is small, I can determine that experimental error is the cause of the deviation from the accepted value. Evaluation The random error in this experiment was due to the number of operations needed to determine the ratio therefore an increased level of accuracy in the equipment would have increased our ability to determine a more accurate result. Increasing accuracy in equipment would have aided the experiment although the accepted value was still outside the range of random error. There are several possible factors for the large experimental error. The first and most prominent of these reasons is the likelihood of the silver crystals still being saturated with water. Due to the time constraints on the experiment there was limited time to leave the crystals drying in the oven, indicating the possibility of there being water contamination with the silver. This would have increased the measured mass of the silver and therefore increased the value of n(Ag) increasing our ratio. This experiment could be improved if the crystals were left to dry in the oven for a longer time period, which would enable all of the water molecules to evaporate and not contaminate our sample. Another possibility as that during the decanting some crystals were removed from the beaker. This would have decreased the mass of silver, thus decreased the n(Ag) decreasing our ratio. As our ratio was larger than accepted value it is unlikely that this played a significant part in the experimental error of my experiment. To ensure that this would not effect a future experiment I would use a filtration system using filter paper instead of using a decanting method. Experimental error could also have been generated through having an incorrect copper measurement. An incorrect copper measurement could have been caused by copper flecks flaking off the wire into the solution and then being decanted out, though our method did try to remove this possibility by adding more silver nitrate it is still a possibility. This would have meant that we calculated less moles of copper than actually reacted. To ensure that this would not effect our results we should have left the extra silver nitrate for longer to allow it too react with any left over copper flecks.